In 1812, Lafitte and his men began holding auctions at the Temple, a prehistoric memorial earthwork mound halfway between Grande Terre and New Orleans. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Lafitte Pierre Lafitte (1770-1821) was a privateer in the Gulf of Mexico and smuggler in the early 19th century. He wrote Jean Laffitte: Gentleman Rover based on the journal. Within weeks, Dorada captured a schooner loaded with over $9,000 in goods. Once grown, Jean Lafitte and his brother, Pierre Lafitte, operated a blacksmith shop in New Orleans which was run by slaves. 5 , Mexican outpost further south along the Gulf Coast, Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve, Sam Houston Regional Library and Research Center, List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States, "FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS: GENERAL QUESTIONS", "Jean Laffite as a Father | Historia Obscura", "The Legend of Jean LaFoote Advertising Week 360 AW360", "Cinnamon Crunch (Cap'n Crunch) Cereal | MrBreakfast.com", "Then and Now: Lafitte's Anchor at Disneyland Park", "20 Things You May Not Know About Disneyland's Pirates of the Caribbean Ride", "History and a Behind the Scenes Look at the Pirates of the Caribbean Attraction in Disneyland", "Why is the Name Jean Lafitte Everywhere at Disneyland", History of the second war between the United States of America and Great Britain: declared by act of Congress, the 18th of June, 1812, and concluded by peace, the 15th of February, 1815, Jean Lafitte: Gentleman Pirate of New Orleans, "Jean LaFitte's piratical topsail schooner", History, photos and movies about Jean Lafitte, Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law, Jim Hawkins and the Curse of Treasure Island, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Lafitte&oldid=1139647857, Recipients of American presidential pardons, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, pirate, privateer, spy, naval artillery officer, slave trader. As a singles wrestler, Pierre was repackaged in 1995 as Jean-Pierre LaFitte, the descendant of real-life pirate named Jean LaFitte. The captured schooner was not considered useful for piracy so, after unloading its cargo, the Lafittes returned the ship to its former captain and crew. Last week the exploits of a new Jean Lafitte enlivened the New Orleans scene. After Jean's reported death in the mid-1820s, the widowed Catiche took up with Feliciano Ramos. Claiborne took a leave of absence in September 1810, leaving Thomas B. Robertson as acting governor. [54] According to Ramsay, Claiborne next wrote to General Andrew Jackson, "implying Patterson had destroyed a potential first line of defense for Louisiana" by his capture of Lafitte and his ships. In 1817, Jean founded a new colony on Galveston Island named Campeche. In January 1808, the government began to enforce the Embargo Act of 1807, which barred American ships from docking at any foreign port and imposed an embargo on goods imported into the US. [1] [77], At its peak the colony had more than two thousand inhabitants and 120 separate structures. [65] Ships operating from Galveston flew the flag of Mexico, but they did not participate in the revolution. While not as much of a sailor as Jean, Pierre was the public face of the Lafitte operation, and was known for his wit and charm, in addition to his handling of the sale of smuggled goods. [7] Lafitte likely helped his brother to sell or trade the captured merchandise. The fleet anchored off Grande Terre and the gunboats attacked. [17] The Lafittes gained a reputation for treating captive crew members well, and often returned captured ships to their original crew. Within a short period, Lafitte's men abandoned their ships, set several on fire, and fled the area. The judge ruled that Patterson should get the customary share of profits from the goods that had already been sold, but he did not settle the ownership of the ships. Uninterested in exports from New Orleans, customs agents rarely checked the accuracy of the manifests. Over the next few months, the British Navy increased patrols in the Gulf of Mexico, and by August they had established a base at Pensacola. The United States made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. [25] As the smuggling operations reduced the amount of revenue collected by customs offices, American authorities were determined to halt Barataria's operations. Families with the surname Lafitte have been found in Louisiana documents from 1765. Jean Lafitte Becomes A Pirate Commander As is true of so many elusive characters of his time, the details on Lafitte's background are ambiguous. Guests could've been able to enter Laffite's crypt near the Haunted Mansion. [7] Davis places Lafitte's brother Pierre in Saint-Domingue in the late 1790s and the early 19th century. In April 1818, the United States passed a law prohibiting the import of slaves into any port in the United States. http://www.jewishjournal.com/up_front/article/ahoy_mateys_thar_be_j Another Sephardic pirate played a pivotal role in American history. [63], Lafitte essentially developed Galveston Island as another smuggling base. ), Nicolas, p. 277. states that he held a local (acting) rank of Captain of Royal Marines, R.L. The men working for Lafitte were called Baratarians because the waterways they used for smuggling were located in an area called Barataria (the Barataria Preserve of Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve is located in this area). By 1805, Laffite was operating a warehouse in New Orleans to help distribute the goods smuggled by his brother Pierre Lafitte. Pierre is less infamous than Jean, but led an equally unlawful life.) He requested approval to raise a militia company to "disperse those desperate men on Lake Barataria whose piracies have rendered our shores a terror to neutral flags". "[89] No American newspaper published an obituary of him. Brands, Lafitte "was French, Spanish or Jewish depending on who was asking.". Pierre and Marie Lagrange had Pierre Jr. in about 1770. An archivist for Bexar County, Texas, declared the papers to be authentic. Their patrols and interventions reduced the number of active pirates in the region. Jean Lafitte was probably born in the early 1780s in either France or the French colony of St. Domingue (now Haiti) in the Caribbean. Brother of Paul Bouet; Pierre Lafitte and Ufn Therese. In his alleged journal, Lafitte describes childhood in the home of his Jewish grandmother, who was full of stories about the familys escape from the Inquisition. A hurricane in September resulted in flooding of most of the island, in which several people died. Slaves captured in such actions who were turned over to the customs office would be sold within the United States, with half the profits going to the people who turned them in. [23], The brothers soon acquired a third ship, La Diligente. Two fishing communities in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, along Bayou Barataria, were named after him: Jean Lafitte, whose town hall is on Jean Lafitte Boulevard; and a census-designated place (CDP) called Lafitte. He refused to allow anyone else to see the original documents until 1969, when he sold them to a professional document dealer. Lafitte named his colony Campeche, after a Mexican outpost further south along the Gulf Coast. Referred to as The Corsair, Lafitte went on to establish a pirate kingdom in the swamps of New Orleans, and led more than 1,000 men during the War of 1812. [61] The British began advancing upon the American lines on December 28, but were repulsed by an artillery crew manned by two of Lafitte's former lieutenants, Renato Beluche and Dominique Youx. Jean Lafitte, n dans les annes 1770-1780 dans le Sud-Ouest de la France ou peut-tre Saint-Domingue, et mort vraisemblablement entre 1823 et 1827 1, est un flibustier franais qui cumait le golfe du Mexique au dbut du XIXe sicle. [12] Seamen flocked to the island, working on the docks or at the warehouses until they were chosen as crew for one of the privateers. In 1777 he married Isabelle Roche. The following day, Lafitte took command of the island and appointed his own officers. The Americans took custody of six schooners, one felucca, and a brig, as well as 20cannon and goods worth $500,000. (The United States and the United Kingdom had prohibited the Atlantic slave trade after 1808, but Spain continued to import slaves to the Caribbean.) [32] Because the US Navy did not have enough ships to act against the Baratarian smugglers, the government turned to the courts. He said his ships would sail as pirates. Lafitte possibly took an assumed name, John Lafflin, and may have given that surname to his younger two sons. The British raised a white flag and launched a small dinghy with several officers. Jean Lafitte and his brother Pierre commanded a band of pirates that operated in the Gulf of Mexico over 100 years ago. [31] The following month, the governor offered a $500 reward for Lafitte's capture. Only six houses survived as habitable.[80]. "[57] Jackson named Jean and Pierre Lafitte for having "exhibited the same courage and fidelity". Other documents of the period place his birthplace as St. Malo or Brest. That was problematic for New Orleans merchants, who had relied heavily on trade with Caribbean colonies of other nations. Robertson was incensed by Lafitte's operation, calling his men "brigands who infest our coast and overrun our country". By 1810, the island had become a booming port. Lafitte attempted to take what appeared to be two Spanish merchant vessels on the night of February 4. [13] When Claiborne returned to office, he was relatively quiet on the subject. In February 1823, Lafitte was cruising off the town of Omoa, Honduras on his 43-ton armed Colombian schooner named General Santander. Pierre Lafitte also spied for Spain and commanded artillery units. [71] Texas was lightly populated at this time, and the base had no significant populations nearby. Jackson agreed to do so. [32], Given the success of his auctions at the Temple, in January 1814 Lafitte set up a similar auction at a site just outside New Orleans. Widely publicized, the raid was hailed by the Niles' Weekly Register as "a major conquest for the United States". A number of details about Jean Lafitte's early life remain obscure and often sources contradict each other. Lafitte agreed to leave the island without a fight, and on May 7, 1821, departed on The Pride. Although the handbills were made in Lafitte's name, Ramsay believes "it is unlikely [the handbills] originated with him". On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. He died in 1821 near Dzilam de Bravo in the Yucatn Peninsula . [4] He notes that still other contemporary accounts claim that Lafitte was born in Ordua, Spain, or in Westchester County, New York, north of Manhattan. In later years, he was described as having "a more accurate knowledge of every inlet from the Gulf than any other man". Like Barataria, Galveston was a seaward island that protected a large inland bay. [2] In the late 18th century, adult children of the French planters in Saint-Domingue often resettled along the Mississippi River in La Louisiane, especially in its largest city of New Orleans. On January 21, Jackson issued a statement praising his troops, especially the cannoneers and "Captains Dominique and Beluche, lately commanding privateers of Barataria, with part of their former crews and many brave citizens of New Orleans, were stationed at Nos. The couple had six children, including at least three daughters. [7] Barataria[edit]. [82] Maison Rouge is believed to have stood at 1417 Harborside Drive near the Galveston wharf, but the foundations there have been dated to the 1870s. [3], Lafitte and his brother Pierre also claimed to have been born in Bayonne. Lafitte's Blacksmith Shop is named after him. [4] Lafitte likely helped his brother to sell or trade the captured merchandise. He was said to use it as a base for arranging the transfer of smuggled goods. Held during the first two weeks of May, the festival celebrates Lafitte's exploits and the legend of buried treasure. "[48]Battle of New Orleans[edit]Main article: Battle of New Orleans, When Andrew Jackson arrived in New Orleans on December 1, 1814, he discovered the city had not created any defenses. From 1817-20, Lafitte headquartered his smuggling business on Galveston Island, which was then part of Spanish Texas. Very little is known about Laffite, and speculation about his life and death continues among historians. Rumors abounded that he had changed his name after leaving Galveston and disappeared, that he was killed by his own men shortly after leaving Galveston, or that he had rescued Napoleon and that both had died in Louisiana. Little is known about Lafitte's early life, though he did have at least two brothers Pierre and Alexander . According to his 2005 book, Lafitte was born in or near Pauillac, France, the son of Pierre Lafitte and his second wife, Marguerite Desteil. Son of Jean Francois Bouet and Marie Marianne De Lafitte [114][115] When the historical society could not authenticate the claim, Laflin approached Louisiana author Stanley Arthur. He was buried at sea in the Gulf of Honduras. Lafitte and his older brother, Pierre, spent most of their time engaging in piracy in the Gulf of Mexico. [82] Lafitte reportedly took immense amounts of treasure with him, and was accompanied by his mulatta mistress[who?] A representative of the smuggler would purchase the slaves at the ensuing auction, and the smuggler would be given half of the purchase price. This article is about the privateer. Catiche had given birth to a daughter named Marie on November 10, 1813. An attorney representing Lafitte argued that the captured ships had flown the flag of Cartagena, an area at peace with the United States. [46] Likely inspired by Lafitte's offer to help defend Louisiana, Governor Claiborne wrote the US Attorney General, Richard Rush requesting a pardon for the Baratarians, saying that for generations, smugglers were "esteemed honest [and] sympathy for these offenders is certainly more or less felt by many of the Louisianans". Sale of the slaves and additional cargo generated $18,000 in profits and the brothers adapted the captured ship for use in piracy, naming it Dorada. Pierre was the historically less-well-known older brother of Jean Lafitte. When they had disembarked and were surrounded by his men, Lafitte identified himself to them. The headquarters was a two-story building facing the inland harbor, where landings were made. [17], Based in New Orleans, Pierre Lafitte served as a silent partner, looking after their interests in the city. [6], Acknowledging that details of Lafitte's first twenty years are sparse, Davis speculates that Lafitte spent much time at sea as a child, probably aboard ships owned by his father, a known trader. Early life [ edit] They took 80 people captive, but Lafitte escaped safely. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Head Jean Pierre Lafitte Cast Custom Figures WWF WWE Mattel Hasbro Wrestling at the best online prices at eBay! [66] Aury returned to Galveston several months later, but he left in July when he realized that the men were unwilling to revolt. The ship would sail to the mouth of Bayou Lafourche, load the contraband goods, and sail "legally" back to New Orleans, with goods listed on a certified manifest. [32] Following the reward offer, Lafitte wrote Claiborne a note denying the charges of piracy. Lafitte was granted a commission and given a new ship, a 40-ton schooner named General Santander. [15] As the schooner did not have an official commission from a national government, its captain was considered a pirate operating illegally. [99] In 1843, Mirabeau B. Lamar investigated many of the Lafitte stories and concluded that, while there were no authentic records of death, Lafitte was likely dead. He withdrew his battered troops and ended French involvement in North America, selling the US what became known as the Louisiana Purchase in 1803: French-claimed lands west of the Mississippi River. [42], Following the charges of November 10, 1812, and subsequent arrest and jailing of his brother Pierre, Jean Lafitte operated the piracy and smuggling business. Constructed prior to 1732, the structure stands today as possibly the oldest building in the United States housing a bar (Lafitte's Blacksmith Shop Bar).[98][99]. They married and had two sons together, Jules Jean and Glenn Henri. [77][Note 2], Lafitte and his men continued to take Spanish ships in the Gulf of Mexico, often returning to Galveston or the barrier islands near New Orleans to unload cargo or take on supplies arranged by Pierre. [74] Two weeks after setting sail, they captured a Spanish ship, which they sent to Galveston, hoping the Longs would smuggle the goods to New Orleans. In one document, Lafitte claimed to have been born in Bordeaux, France, in 1780. The festival features actors who portray Lafitte and his pirates. The brothers adapted the captured ship for use in piracy and named it Dorada. In 1948, John Andrechyne Laflin approached the Missouri Historical Society with a French-language manuscript he claimed was a journal Lafitte kept from 1845 until 1850. [22], Governor William C.C. Jean Saint-Pierre tudie au petit sminaire de Larressore et au sminaire de Bayonne ; il est ordonn prtre le 23 septembre 1908 [2], puis entre l'Institut catholique de Toulouse.En 1910, il obtient son doctorat en thologie l'universit pontificale grgorienne de Rome.Entre 1910 et 1912, Jean Saint-Pierre est vicaire de la paroisse de Saint-Andr Bayonne, et de . [16] In January 1813 they took their first prize, a Spanish hermaphrodite brig loaded with 77 slaves. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve was named for him.[97]. Ramsay believes that Lafitte died of a fever in 1826 or 1827 on, Ramsay believes the documents were written by Laflin's ancestor, Matthew Laflin (18031854), who may have convinced his descendants that he was Jean Lafitte. The brothers established a smuggling operation into New Orleans. Lafitte's biographer Jack C. Ramsay says, "this was a convenient time to be a native of France, a claim that provided protection from the enforcement of American law". [30] The proclamation was printed in the nationally read Niles' Weekly Register. [41] He had also been told in August that American officials were planning an assault on Barataria with forces under the command of Commodore Daniel Patterson. [90] By this time, Lafitte's only known son, Jean Pierre Lafitte, had died in October 1832 during a yellow fever epidemic in New Orleans. The corsairs aimed the artillery at the Karankawa, killing most of the men in the tribe. By others, he was born Jewish in Bordeaux, France. Lafitte's Blacksmith Shop is named after him. Many of the city's merchants were unhappy with this auction, because it allowed their customers to buy goods directly from Lafitte at a lower price than the merchants could charge in the city. issued letters of marque. He also ran a blacksmith shop in New Orleans, his legitimate business. He and his elder brother, Pierre, spelled their last name Laffite, but English-language documents of the time used "Lafitte". In late 1815 and early 1816, the Lafitte brothers agreed to act as spies for Spain, which was embroiled in the Mexican War of Independence. [59] With Lafitte's encouragement, many of his men joined the New Orleans militia or as sailors to man the ships. [74], In less than a year, Lafitte's colony grew to 100200 men and several women. [47] According to Ramsay, Claiborne next wrote to General Andrew Jackson, "implying Patterson had destroyed a potential first line of defense for Louisiana" by his capture of Lafitte and his ships. 3 and 4. As an arm of the Natalbany River in Springfield, Louisiana, the entire bayou was dyked and drained. The Spanish ships were heavily armed privateers or warships and returned heavy fire. Lafitte pere came to Louisiana in the 1760's and settled in New Orleans, where he was a respected merchant. [28] The residents of New Orleans were grateful to the Lafittes for providing them with luxuries otherwise prevented from importing by the embargo. His maternal grandfather had been executed by the Inquisition for "Judaizing". C'est par ici. "[100] Given his legendary reputation, there was much speculation about whether, or how, Lafitte had died. Shopping Cart 0. [60], On December 23, advance units of the British fleet reached the Mississippi River. [54] The British began firing at the American lines on December 28, but were repulsed by an artillery crew manned by two of Lafitte's former lieutenants, Renato Beluche and Dominique Youx. [90] In late April 1822, Lafitte was captured again after taking his first American ship. [80], Over the next few months, Lafitte established a base along the coast of Cuba, where he bribed local officials with a share of the profits. In exchange, the king asked for Lafitte and his forces to promise to assist in the naval fight against the United States and to return any recent property that had been captured from Spanish ships. [53], Likely inspired by Lafitte's offer to help defend Louisiana, Governor Claiborne wrote the US Attorney General, Richard Rush requesting a pardon for the Baratarians, saying that for generations, smugglers were "esteemed honest [and] sympathy for these offenders is certainly more or less felt by many of the Louisianans". Officials tried to break up this auction by force, and in the ensuing gunfight, one of the revenue officers was killed and two others were wounded. Geni requires JavaScript! After being run out of New Orleans in 1817, Lafitte re-established his kingdom on the island of Galveston, Texas, which was known as Campeche. She was the sister of Marie Villard, the mistress of his brother, Pierre. Within two days of Lafitte's notes, Pierre "escaped" from jail. Quand il est finalement devenu le visage de la chane, cela lui a pris plus de 30 ans. [63] On land and sea, the former pirate gunners earned praise as the battle continued. [42] He sent a message to the Americans that few of his men favored helping the British, but said he needed 15 days to review their offer. [50], The US ordered an attack on Lafitte's colony. His maternal grandfather, according to this account,. [9] The Lafitte brothers began to look for another port from which they could smuggle goods to local merchants. and an infant son[who?]. "[64] Jackson named Jean and Pierre Lafitte for having "exhibited the same courage and fidelity". Located 25 minutes from downtown New Orleans, Jean Lafitte Swamp Tours has been operating daily bayou tours since the 1980s. Pierre was raised by extended family elsewhere in Louisiana. [31], As the smuggling operations reduced the amount of revenue collected by customs offices, American authorities were determined to halt business at Barataria. The American warship which captured him turned Lafitte over to the local authorities, who promptly released him. His brother Pierre Lafitte was a blacksmith. As part of Mexico, it was outside the authority of the United States, and was largely uninhabited, except by Native American Karankawa. Later years[edit], Most of his men had believed that Lafitte had a valid privateering commission, although there was confusion on which country had issued it. [83] Two weeks after setting sail, they captured a Spanish ship, which they sent to Galveston, hoping the Longs would smuggle the goods to New Orleans. The Baratarians invited the British officers to row to their island. The bay was located beyond a narrow passage between the barrier islands of Grand Terre and Grande Isle. Within weeks, Dorada captured a schooner loaded with goods valued at more than $9,000. One of Lafitte's men testified that the Baratarians had never intended to fight the US but had prepared their vessels to flee. "[96] No such event is known to have occurred. Il a reu de nombreux loges de la part des vedettes de l'mission. [10] Barataria was far from the U.S. naval base, and ships could easily smuggle in goods without being noticed by customs officials. His men burned the Maison Rouge, fortress, and settlement. Lui qui disait que son esprit s'tait "intgr l'absolu et son corps dissous en lui" nous a laiss une oeuvre majeure o . By 1805, he operated a warehouse in New Orleans to help disperse the goods smuggled by his brother Pierre Lafitte. It was, at least initially, relatively free of scrutiny from any of the governments in the region. [20] Dorada captured a fourth ship, a schooner they renamed Petit Milan. The letters gave the ships permission to attack ships from all nations. [76] Almost half of the combined crew refused to sail as pirates; Lafitte allowed them to leave aboard his largest ship, the brig General Victoria. [37], Captain Nicholas Lockyer, the commander of the Sophie, had been ordered to contact the "Commandant at Barataria". In 1812, the United States and the United Kingdom went to war. La conception d'un livre, par Eugne Mouton (4 p.). [89], Over the next few months, Lafitte established a base along the coast of Cuba, where he bribed local officials with a share of the profits. By 1810 he was in Louisiana with his older brother Pierre. [3] The current business traces its roots to Roger 'Tom' Caplinger, who in the mid-1940s turned the old abandoned shop into Caf Lafitte. [64], Lafitte named his colony Campeche, after a Mexican outpost further south along the Gulf Coast. Collectively they were known as "Number thirteen". They sailed three ships, which Davis described as likely "one of the largest privately owned corsair fleets operating on the coast, and the most versatile. He suggested that the line be extended to a nearby swamp, and Jackson ordered it done. He and his older brother Pierre spelled their last name Laffite, but English language documents of the time used "Lafitte". Trait Du Vide Parfait By Lie Tseu Jean Jacques Lafitte . Within two days of his offer, handbills were posted all over New Orleans offering a similar award for the arrest of the governor. His reading and writing abilities, therefore, remain unclear. End of Campeche[edit], In 1821, the schooner USS Enterprise was sent to Galveston to remove Lafitte from the Gulf. In the Journal de Jean Lafitte, the authenticity of which is contested, Lafitte claims to have been born in Bordeaux, France, in 1780 to Sephardic Jewish parents.
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