Likewise, law enforcement should address biases to improve identification and protection efforts for victims from marginalized communities while preventing re-traumatization. In November 2018, President Biya announced the creation of a National Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) Committee. PKO-funded assistance to Nigeria includes AGI advisory support to increase Nigerian Air Force effectiveness and reduce civilian harm; advisory support for Nigerian military intelligence institutions; development of a Fast-Rope Insertion and Extraction System; and Civil-Military Operations training. The Government of Burma had a policy or pattern of use of children for forced labor by the military. If looking for more information on survivor-informed best practices, please see NHTTACs Survivor-Informed Practice: Definition, Best Practices, and Recommendations. While the TVPA and UN TIP Protocol call on governments to proactively address trafficking crimes, some governments are part of the problem, directly compelling their citizens into sexual slavery or forced labor schemes. The UN and the CJTF, with the support of the government, have since identified and formally separated over 1,700 children, including 894 in May 2019. In the absence of a political settlement, the war in Libya will continue to destabilize the broader region, creating space for violent extremists to regroup. For example, law enforcement may become inundated with false information they are required to follow up on or investigate, especially when reports relate to children, stretching already limited time and resources. Page 30: Reuters/Jackson Njehia The PRC initially denied all allegations, dismissing them as international interference in its domestic affairs. Monica Maurer Their employer often controls their access to food, transportation, and housing. Around the world, governments, companies, and consumers committed to eliminating human trafficking from global supply chains can all play a role in demanding an end to the use of forced labor in Xinjiang and beyond. Eswatini Governments should continue working with neighbors and NGOs to address cross-border trafficking issues and support strong collaboration at the borders to identify and prevent trafficking. These goals are directly aligned with the National Security Strategy, Africa Strategy, Africa Bureau, and Mission Nigeria goals for security assistance. The owner locked the 12-year-old in a dirty room with several other children and forced them to make bangles for 15 hours a day, using lacquer melted over dangerous burning coal and making only US $0.70 a week. Bosnia and Herzegovina Police officers, immigration officers, customs officers and coast guard officers were also included in the extensive network of traffickers of humans in TT. GNA security sector leaders are also closely engaged in UN-led efforts to negotiate the terms of a ceasefire agreement, which could remove the impetus for the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. Nonetheless, the challenges uncovered by COVID-19 are monumental and may be long lasting, requiring sustained collaboration among governments, civil society organizations, private sector leaders, survivor leaders, and other anti-trafficking actors to adjust and respond aptly to overcome these challenges. Trafficking in persons, human trafficking, and modern slavery are umbrella termsoften used interchangeablyto refer to a crime whereby traffickers exploit and profit at the expense of adults or children by compelling them to perform labor or engage in commercial sex. Kyrgyz Republic This, coupled with a shortage of protective equipment to supply police, resulted in many law enforcement officers and other specialized anti-trafficking officials becoming infected with COVID-19, some of whom died. Slovak Republic The Department of State assesses that immense social and economic insecurity caused by the current conflict is the primary driver for the ongoing unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers in Libya. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. Security assistance subject to the CSPA restriction that is currently provided to Nigeria includes IMET, Foreign Military Financing (FMF), PKO, Excess Defense Articles (EDA) and Department of Defense support provided pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Some governments and organizations conducted in-depth assessments to identify the changing trends. The use of children in commercial sex is prohibited by law in the United States and most countries around the world. Under the unparalleled leadership and direction of Khassanova, Sana Sezim continues to provide access to justice for victims of trafficking by building the organizational capacity of civil society organizations and the judicial system to combat trafficking in persons. The Government of Cameroon also acknowledges that recruitment and use of child soldiers by armed Anglophone separatists and Boko Haram is a problem. The number of arrests reported for human trafficking involving involuntary servitude increased from 66 in 2015 to 146 in 2019 before declining to 92 in 2020. Handbook How to prevent human trafficking for domestic servitude in diplomatic households and protect private domestic workers (2014): Uniform Guidelines for the Identification and Referral of Victims of Human Trafficking within the Migrant and Refugee Reception Framework in the OSCE Region, Model Guidelines on Government Measures to Prevent Trafficking for Labour Exploitation in Supply Chains (2018), The Critical Role of Civil Society in Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (2018), From Reception to Recognition: Identifying and Protecting Human Trafficking Victims in Mixed Migration Flows (2018), Child Trafficking and Child Protection: Ensuring that Child Protection Mechanisms Protect the Rights and Meet the Needs of Child Victims of Human Trafficking (2018), 2020 Report of the Special Representative and Coordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings, OSCE Compendium Database, an easy way to access information on prevention of labour exploitation in supply chains, now accessible online (2021), OSCE: International Survivors of Trafficking Advisory Council (2021), Trafficking in Persons in the SADC Region: A Baseline Report (2016), Trafficking in Persons in the SADC Region: Policy Brief (2016), Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Persons: Lessons from the SADC Region Booklet (2017). When responding to the impacts of the COVID-19 virus, it is important that those working on safety and security measures are equipped with the knowledge and resources to identify and refer cases of human trafficking. Tonga Special thanks to Daniel Kim, Lamya Shawki El-Shacke, and the creative services team at Global Publishing Solutions. The CPU raised awareness of child protection activities, through inter-ministerial meetings with the Ministry of Women and Human Rights, Internal Security, Justice, Health and Education, and developed and disseminated radio and print media content regarding the prevention of child recruitment and conscription in armed conflict. As part of this work, it commits to engaging with its interagency, civil society, private sector, multilateral, and survivor leader partners to better understand systemic racisms effects on the human trafficking field and to integrate racial equity more intentionally into the U.S. anti-trafficking response. The Government of South Sudan is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Gambia, The Due to school closures, some children lacked access to education, shelter, and/or food. New Zealand Canada The project is expected to go on for 24 months. Sonia Helmy-Dentzel Liberia Guillermina Cabrera Figueroa is the specialized prosecutor for human trafficking for the State of Mexico. Congo, Republic of the Taiwan In Xinjiang, the government is the trafficker. Leading by example, the OSR/CTHBs collaboration with the Secretariats Procurement and Contracting Unit provided for the development of internal measures and capacities to prevent TIP in the OSCEs procurement. As vulnerabilities increase and human traffickers quickly adapt, governments must take steps to address anti-trafficking efforts in their COVID-19 strategies, including by supporting and cooperating with the anti-trafficking community as it adjusts to the pandemic operating environment. The TVPA also provides that any country that has been ranked Tier 2 Watch List for two consecutive years and that would otherwise be ranked Tier 2 Watch List for the next year will instead be ranked Tier 3 in that third year. As of April 5, no funds subject to CSPA have been obligated. Tier 1 represents a responsibility rather than a reprieve. Interpol said authorities rescued about 430 human . Between April 2020 and March 2021, Comoros and Nepal became States Parties to the Protocol. He is the Co-President of the Lawyers Network for Technical Intern Trainees, the President of the Lawyers Network for Foreign Workers, and a prominent legal expert in foreign labor issues. A of Pub. THE TTPS app has been shortlisted for the Innovative Police Force Award 2023 by the World Police Summit, to be held in Dubai from March 7-9. That first month I was learning the safe spots to park my car to sleep. These harmful practices include redlining, lending discrimination, unequal distribution of government subsidies and services, restricted entry into white collar or higher paying jobs, and intentional exclusions of certain professions from worker protections. The Government of Cameroon is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Adrienne Sgarlato In the first seven months of the pandemic, the International Aid Transparency Initiative noted a reduction of 17 percent in bilateral donor commitments between 2019 and 2020, which included a five percent decline in ODA. We invite other governments and global partners to join in this effort and hold each other accountable. As the DRCs principal partner in ending its devastating almost 2-year Ebola outbreak in the East and a major contributor to humanitarian assistance overall, the United States can leverage existing relationships to multiply and synergize the impact of PKO assistance. We need better support that doesnt criminalize survivors but protects our rights instead. To maintain a Tier 1 ranking, governments need to demonstrate appreciable progress each year in combating trafficking. any person under 18 years of age who has been recruited or used in hostilities by armed forces distinct from the armed forces of a state. Consulting with survivors to review existing AML protocols and systems could help to identify gaps and possible improvements. Within a month, a man hired her as a bilingual attendant at his store in the capital city of Georgetown. Page 44: Elisabetta Zavoli Getoria Berry Further, a waiver for support provided by the Department of Defense pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Peru (Tier 2) - Anti-trafficking police conducted 65 operations in 2020, resulting in 214 detentions in the first three quarters of the year, compared with 186 operations and 364 detentions in 2019 and 158 operations and 423 detentions in 2018. International Military Education and Training $394,066 This is not a new truth, but it is a somber, unacceptable reality. Survivors of human trafficking often discover that human traffickers have taken control of their financial identity or banking products and limited or prevented their access to the financial system, spoiling their credit record and hindering their financial reintegration. Sweden 1107 Addendum to the OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings, Decision No. Each victim story is based on real experiences, and the victims names have been changed as a result. Norway IMET funding for Cameroon increases the professionalization of the military through professional military education (PME) training in the United States. The BSA permits financial institutions to share information relevant to money laundering and terrorist financing under the legal safe harbor provided by the USA PATRIOT Act Section 314(b). Countries whose governments do not fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards but are making significant efforts to bring themselves into compliance with those standards. Representation and diversity of experience and thought matter. Perpetrators use technology in human trafficking schemes. Mei instead spent more than a year in Chinese detention facilities where the authorities subjected her to political indoctrination and forced her to work in a factory making gloves for US $0.02 a pair. Those with lived experience help run the mobile units, and they are able to effectively identify and approach potential trafficking victims. First, we must understand the disparities that disproportionately affect Black trafficking survivors. International organizations conducted and produced most of the initial comprehensive assessments of the impact of COVID-19 on anti-trafficking efforts and highlighted areas in which to adapt policy approaches and target resources. From 2000 to 2020, SIFOS helped identify 578 child trafficking victims and reintegrate 9,039 children into local society. The DDR Committee works to equip former child soldiers with resources for income-generating activities and reintegrate them into their communities. As such, vicarious trauma and the mental health needs of all consultants and staff members should also be prioritized, as opposed to singling out survivor leaders as the only individuals affected by trafficking or other sources of trauma. Every year adults and, to a lesser extent, children migrate voluntarily to countries in the Middle East to work in a variety of sectors, such as agriculture, construction, and domestic service. Burkina Faso Al-Obaidly and his team have been strategic and persistent in the drive to instill real change, even when the task at hand seemed impossible. Traffickers, in turn, factor these racial biases and stereotypes into schemes and strategies aimed at reducing their own risk of getting caught while increasing the risk of law enforcement improperly penalizing victims. These stereotypes may affect, for example, which communities law enforcement target for anti-trafficking operations, which victim witnesses the criminal justice system deems credible, and which individuals process their experiences as exploitation and seek help. Debt bondage is focused on human trafficking crimes in which the traffickers primary means of coercion is debt manipulation. there is a failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat severe forms of trafficking in persons from the previous year, including increased investigations, prosecutions, and convictions of trafficking crimes, increased assistance to victims, and decreasing evidence of complicity in severe forms of trafficking by government officials. Traffickers often seek out individuals with weaker community or family connections, knowing they have fewer safeguards. Page 61: Picture Alliance Katherine Borgen One of the most effective ways to identify broader criminal networks and take the profit out of this crime is to follow the financial trail human traffickers leave behind. We are the unwanted, the forgotten, the lost kids of the streets that no one misses or looks for. Section 1. The government of the country should make serious and sustained efforts to eliminate severe forms of trafficking in persons. Benildas parents trusted Joriz, so they allowed her to go with him. For many people, human trafficking evokes images of women and children being forcibly taken and sold into sexual slavery by strangers, or of people locked in rooms or vehicles far from home. A waiver to allow the continuation of PKO assistance to support CTSAMVM and RJMEC will help maintain accountability regarding the Government of South Sudans unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers by allowing critical funding for the continued operation of these key oversight and monitoring mechanisms. Syrian detainee: Does Trinidad and Tobago Government hate us? Haiti NGOs from various countries separately reported significant funding cuts due to COVID-19, which forced some to halt all assistance or cancel certain victim-support services. Qatar Significant work needs to be done to address this practice in South Sudan, and the U.S. government will continue to urge the government to take additional steps to prevent the unlawful recruitment or use of child soldiers. El Salvador The report also noted that authorities did not pursue a prosecution if the victims were not willing to testify against an alleged trafficker, and a backlog in the courts, despite system reforms in 2019, leads to cases taking, on average, five-ten years to be resolved. Peru the estimated number of victims of severe forms of trafficking is very significant or is significantly increasing and the country is not taking proportional concrete actions; or. Anna Cornacchio In 2015, the U.S. The US Department of State is urging the T&T Government to investigate fully and transparently any official suspected of complicity in human trafficking, and to seek conviction and sufficiently stringent punishment of any official found to be complicit. The reality is that abuse, pain, torture, and exploitation is the only existence these survivors may have known. The organization also donated proceeds from the production of artisan goods, including the masks, towards medical care and social services for survivors. Enabling human trafficking survivors participation in the regulated financial sector is critical. The inequities created by systemic racism have survived in part because of the intentional destruction of certain racial groups social support networks. Page 59: Picture Alliance Subject Matter Expert with Lived Experience of Human Trafficking. Page 627: Panos/Dieter Telemans She has diligently worked with community members, law enforcement and government officials, and other NGOs to ensure the country is proactively identifying victims and referring them to care. During FY 2021, DoD section 333 funding was obligated for the following activities: training and equipment. Implement intentional self-care as part of organizational culture to build resilience and help mitigate vicarious trauma, including executive leadership modeling self-care best practices and encouraging staff to engage in healthy coping skills and take care of their emotional and physical health. Governments should protect and serve their citizensnot terrorize and subjugate them for profit. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. Additional Details While the TVPA and the UN TIP Protocol call on governments to proactively address trafficking crimes, some governments are part of the problem, directly compelling their citizens into sex trafficking or forced labor. Ireland The determination to include a government in the CSPA list is informed by a range of sources, including first-hand observation by U.S. government personnel and research and credible reporting from various UN entities, international organizations, local and international NGOs, and international and domestic media outlets. Forms of slavery or slavery-like practicesincluding the sale of children, forced or compulsory child labor, and debt bondage and serfdom of childrencontinue to exist, despite legal prohibitions and widespread condemnation. Justice Department Observes National Human Trafficking Prevention Month January 31, 2023 Press Release Williamsburg Business Owner Pleads Guilty to Money Laundering and Conspiracy Involving Labor Trafficking January 31, 2023 Press Release U.S. Attorney Thompson Invites Media to Human Trafficking Training Workshop January 30, 2023 Press Release In 2019, the Afghan Ministry of Interior expanded child protection units (CPUs) to all 34 provinces, an increase from the 27 CPUs in 2018, to prevent the recruitment of children into the Afghan National Police. Pandemic mitigation efforts forced many people to shift online, including human traffickers. In addition, APRAMP has a 24-hour hotline, short-term shelters, multidisciplinary care centers, witness protection resources, legal advice, psychological support, a job education center, and self-employment workshops. The US Department of State urges the Government of Trinidad and Tobago to investigate fully and transparently any official suspected of complicity in human trafficking, and to seek conviction and sufficiently stringent punishment of any official found to be complicit, a spokesman from the US Embassy in Port of Spain said. 2. Myrna E. Walch The owner kept Aarav from communicating with his family and threatened physical abuse if he tried to leave. Central African Republic Iraq Proactive partnerships between governments, financial institutions, law enforcement, civil society, and survivor experts are critical to identifying illicit financial activity associated with human trafficking. Malaysia Renee Huffman Over three years, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is building capacity to improve victim identification and national referral mechanisms, sharing information with judicial authorities about criminal networks and individuals associated with human trafficking, and strengthening international co-ordination and co-operation by promoting new investigations and prosecutions through establishing liaisons between national co-ordination mechanisms and judicial authorities focused on human trafficking, the spokesman said. The GNA has also committed to providing unhindered access to an international fact-finding mission created under the auspices of the UN Human Rights Council in June 2020 to document human rights abuses in Libya. Traffickers can commit this crime in any sector or setting, whether legal or illicit, including but not limited to agricultural fields, factories, restaurants, hotels, massage parlors, retail stores, fishing vessels, mines, private homes, or drug trafficking operations. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. To that end, PKO funding may be used to support UN Special Envoy efforts, including the participation of Yemens military leadership, to reach an agreement to end the Yemeni conflict and allow for the resumption of a peaceful, inclusive, and Yemeni-led political transition. 2950 (L-O/20), Progress Report: II Work Plan Against Trafficking in Persons In The Western Hemisphere 2015-2018, Recommendations of the Sixth Meeting of National Authorities on Trafficking in Persons Challenges in the Fight against Trafficking in Times of Pandemic (2021), OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas(2016), Trafficking in Persons and Corruption Report (2016), http://www.osce.org/secretariat/trafficking. Organizations must incorporate the voices of multiple survivors into their trauma-informed practices. The number of prosecutions of both state and armed group actors for human rights violations and abuses, including unlawful recruitment and use of children, is at an all-time high, as are the number of separations of children from armed groups. It also said the Counter Trafficking Unit the unit responsible for investigating human trafficking cases was also faced with significant challenges. Bolivia I went to the city north of my hometown and started couch surfing with people from the clubs I went to. When assessing needs, a child-friendly waiting room might take priority. Oropouche West MP Dr Roodal Moonilal said he is not aware of any investigation into government officials being involved in human trafficking while the UNC was in power between 2010 and 2015, contrary to statements made by former UNC minister Devant Maharaj. Additionally, a critical element of ending the conflict in Yemen is our counterterrorism campaign and efforts to counter Iranian arms smuggling to the Houthis. Federal agencies responded by sharing plans to apply a survivor-informed approach for human trafficking. Jason Martin Kathleen Vogel TT, along with countries in regions around the globe, gets a data-call request from the embassy every November. Section 2 provides a description and the amounts of assistance withheld pursuant to section 404(a) of the CSPA. Venezuela. These initiatives, as well as any near-term security sector programming, will be used to support the security sector reform/disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (SSR/DDR) and governance needed to end the conflict and the recruitment and use of child soldiers. Ethiopia Vicente was thrilled when he was recruited and offered an educational visa to attend community college in the United States. I then started working in escorting services through a bar where I didnt know the rates charged, didnt handle the money, and had little to no control over refusing clients who were violent or wouldnt use condoms. When her ministry moved to Albania in 2005, she quicklyestablishedthe anti-trafficking NGOMary Ward Loreto (MWL) in Albania. Sex trafficking can take place in private homes, massage parlors, hotels, or brothels, among other locations, as well as on the internet. Removing the ability to profit from the crime disincentivizes traffickers and serves as a crucial deterrent to prevent the crime altogether. While Tier 1 is the highest ranking, it does not mean that a country has no human trafficking problem or that it is doing enough to address the crime. Bethany Hanke Hoang Nigeria may receive EDA for maritime security improvements in the form of former U.S. Coast Guard vessels, which have been used to improve maritime navigation and counter-piracy efforts in the Gulf of Guinea and Niger Delta. With her determination, endless work, and leadership while working in the federal governments Specialized Investigations Office on Organized Crime, Mexico obtained its first criminal sentencing for crimes involving human trafficking and organized crime in June 2011. While awareness of familial trafficking is increasing, more research is needed. When we couldnt pay, we slept on subways, in empty warehouses, in cars, or on couches. Turkmenistan. Advocates and service providers must take all reports of human trafficking seriously, which means that increased reports based on false information make it more difficult for responders to provide support to victims of human trafficking. Many aligned policies and practices to current realities. Lucia Gallegos 8. Similar family separation policies were used to weaken or destroy indigenous families and communities, including forcibly removing Native children from their families and tribes to send them to boarding schools with the intention of forcing them to assimilate and no longer identify with their culture. Such policies have resulted in an ongoing disproportionate number of Native children in the child welfare system, increasing their vulnerability to human trafficking. The 2022 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report covered government efforts undertaken during the reporting period from April 1, 2021, through March 31, 2022, the spokesman said. Pakistan A list of drug-related corruption cases involving public officials during the 1983-1985 period is included. Thailand The school administrators forced Vicente and the other students to adhere to an exhausting work and academic schedule and threatened deportation and legal action if they failed to comply or skipped a work shift. While technology allowed the anti-trafficking community to navigate more easily the myriad challenges caused by the pandemic, its expanded use highlighted the importance of ensuring victims access to technology and online services, as well as their safety and privacy when using technology to receive victim assistance. Chane Corp Shoichi Ibusuki has been an unrelenting champion of protecting foreign workers rights, and he has worked tirelessly for years on behalf of foreign technical trainees to assist victims of forced labor and prevent abuse within Japans Technical Intern Training Program. Iran The CSPA also prohibits the issuance of licenses for direct commercial sales of military equipment to such governments. This is accomplished by providing age-appropriate furniture and decorations, painting the walls in calming colors, and displaying childrens artwork or murals. Vivian Ekey Guedet Mandzela |Gabon, Stopping Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by International Peacekeepers and Civilian Personnel, International, Regional, and Sub-Regional Organizations Combating Trafficking In Persons, Annual Report on the Use of Child Soldiers, Sections 405(c) and (d) of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act (CSPA) of 2008 (22 U.S.C. PKO funds will also be used to continue support to the Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission (RJMEC), which oversees overall implementation of the R-ARCSS. Ghana Mark P. Lagon is president of Freedom House and a former U.S. ambassador at large for human trafficking from 2007 to 2009. Malta Korea, North Efforts to reform the kafala system and develop non-exploitative policies would benefit from input and recommendations from survivors who experienced forced labor under this system. 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